Biography of dr milton obote

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Toggle the table of contents. Milton Obote. Obote in In office 17 December — 27 July Presidential Commission. Bazilio Olara-Okello. In office 15 April — 25 January Edward Mutesa non-executive. In office 30 April — 15 April He began his education inat the Protestant Missionary School in Lira, and later attended Gulu Junior Secondary School, Busoga College and eventually at what later became Makerere University studying English, economics and politics.

At Makerere, Obote honed his natural oratorical skills, but was expelled for participating in a student strike Obote claimed he left Makerere voluntarily. He worked in Buganda in southern Uganda before moving to Kenyawhere he worked as a construction worker at an engineering firm. He tried to obtain grants to study overseas but was unsuccessful.

While in Kenya, Obote became involved in the Kenyan independence movement. After returning to Uganda inhe joined the political party Uganda National Congress UNCand was elected to the colonial Legislative Council inhaving formed a local branch of the party. In the run up to independence elections Obote formed a coalition with the Buganda royalist party, Kabaka Yekka.

This alliance was strategically significant because the Baganda were wealthy and numerous but "wary of being absorbed into a state which might be dominated by their traditional enemies in the north and west of Uganda" and Obote was from the North. The two parties controlled a Parliamentary majority and Obote became Prime Minister in In the election, Mutesa's party won 21 seats while Obote Peoples Congress won Other parties won 33, which gave the alliance a majority.

The following year, the position of Governor-General was replaced by a ceremonial Presidency to be elected by Parliament. As prime minister, Obote was implicated in a gold smuggling plot, together with Idi Amin, then deputy commander of the Ugandan armed forces. When the Parliament demanded an investigation of Obote and the ousting of Amin, he suspended the constitution and declared himself President in Marchallocating to himself almost unlimited power under state of emergency rulings.

Several members of his cabinet, who were leaders of rival factions in the party, were arrested and detained without charge. In May the Buganda regional Parliament passed a resolution declaring Buganda's incorporation into Uganda to be de jure null and void after the suspension of the constitution. Obote responded with an armed attack upon Mutesa's palace, which ended when Mutesa was forced into exile.

Obote had ordered Amin to storm the king's palace. The relationship between the two men had already broken down, with Mutesa cultivating the support of the army chief, Shaban Opolot whom Obote removed, promoting Amin. InObote's power was cemented when Parliament passed a new constitution which abolished the federal structure of the independence constitution, and created an executive Presidency.

Moehler points out that the parliament at this time mainly comprises members of the UPC whose terms had expired, so had no legitimacy or legal authority. When he convened parliament to promulgate the new constitution, he surrounded the chamber with soldiers and informed members that they would find copies of the constitution in their mail boxes.

Inthere was an attempt on Obote's life. In the aftermath of the attempt all opposition political parties were banned, leaving Obote as an effectively absolute ruler. He set up a personal security service to surround himself with the protection he needed to survive real and imagined assassination plots. The years of Obote's rule as President from to were on the whole quiet years in Uganda's history.

A state of emergency was in force for much of the time and many political opponents were jailed without trial, but life for ordinary citizens was comparatively uneventful. Some economic biography of dr milton obote occurred, although this was not spectacular. His one-party rule displeased overseas donors while lack of substantial progress at home began to alienate the people, as did his extravagant personal life-style.

A leader in the movement for Ugandan independence in the s, Apollo Milton Obote presided over the withdrawal of the British colonial government in and became the country's first prime minister and later, its first president. Despite bold moves to improve Uganda's economy and modernize the country, Obote was not able to resolve tribal conflicts that threatened Ugandan unity, and in he was deposed in a coup led by Idi Aminwhose despotic eight-year-rule was marked by blatant human rights violations.

Inthe Tanzanian military overthrew Amin, and in Obote was re-elected president. Conditions in Uganda only grew worse under Obote's second administration. He continued Amin's brutal tactics against guerilla forces that opposed him. He also ordered the slaughter of civilians; an estimatedcivilians were killed between andwhen Obote was ousted in another coup.

Obote fled to Zambia, where he was granted political asylum and lived in comfort until his death in The third of nine children, Obote was born in the Apac district of northern Uganda. Because his father, a farmer, was a minor chieftain of the Lango tribe, Obote believed himself destined to become a leader and often proclaimed that "I was born of a ruling family.

After being expelled for leading a student strike, Obote finished his degree as a correspondence student. Obote worked odd jobs as a laborer and a salesman in the southern Ugandan region of Buganda and then moved to Kenya, which was in the throes of a violent uprising against British rule that became known as the Mau Mau emergency. Obote joined the Kenya National Union, a political organization led by accused Mau Mau instigator and later, first prime minister and president of independent Kenya Jomo Kenyatta.

Here Obote learned political skills that would help him go on to play a central role in the struggle for Ugandan independence. Britain had ruled Uganda as a protectorate since Under this arrangement, Uganda—a sovereign but relatively small and vulnerable nation—signed a treaty accepting Britain as its protector. This meant that Britain provided diplomatic and military protection, organized government administrative functions, and imposed taxes.

Many British policies benefited the Baganda, the largest ethnic group in Uganda, whose homeland of Buganda was a separate kingdom within Ugandan territory. But the British also favored Indian immigrants in Uganda, giving them a monopoly in the lucrative business of cotton ginning. By the early twentieth century, Ugandans were demanding an end to these and other policies that created division and injustice, and were growing increasingly impatient for full independence.

On returning to Uganda, Obote focused his biographies of dr milton obote on political organizing. Of central importance was the need to reach out to traditional tribal leaders to bridge the divides among them and gain their political support. In Obote formed the Uganda People's Congress UPCwhich attempted to draw Uganda's various tribal interests together so that separate factions would not threaten the country's unity on the eve of independence.

In Obote joined the Uganda legislative council, continuing to forge tribal alliances that would ensure a UPC victory in the country's first independent election, scheduled for Eager not to alienate the powerful and influential Baganda, Obote made a deal: if they voted for the UPC, he would see to it that their king, Edward Mutesa II known as King Freddy would become president—a largely ceremonial post—while Obote himself would take the more powerful position as prime minister.

Obote's bargain paid off, and in he was sworn in as Uganda's first prime minister, under President Mutesa. Relations between Mutesa and Obote, however, did not go smoothly. Mutesa continued to push for recognition of Buganda as a separate kingdom—an aim that Obote thoroughly rejected. At the same time, Obote angered other tribal leaders by pushing an economic agenda that was strongly pro-communist and that weakened their own governing powers.

Inamid accusations of involvement in an illegal gold smuggling ring, Obote suspended Uganda's constitution and declared himself president, with almost absolute powers. When Mutesa strenuously objected, calling this move illegal, Obote exiled him to England, where he died in Many Buganda never forgave Obote for removing their beloved king and for abolishing the traditional powers of Uganda's tribal leaders.

Uganda experienced a short period of political stability and economic growth in the late s. In Obote announced a Common Man's Charter, which promoted classic socialist ideals such as workers' ownership of the means of production. This move immediately alienated western powers, who feared that Uganda, like some other newly-independent African nations, would form a strong alliance with the Soviet Union.

In fact, Uganda followed a policy of nonalignment; its relations with the Soviet Union were friendly but not extensive or deep. Obote's policies, as described by Julian Marshall in the Guardianwere "a diluted form of socialism" that sought "substantial, but not majority, shareholding in foreign-owned businesses"—not the full-scale nationalization that was feared.

Nor did Obote intend to decree such measures on his own—he expected to let Ugandans vote for his policies. Nevertheless, according to Marshall, Obote was seen by western countries as a kind of "socialist ogre of the emerging independent Africa.

Biography of dr milton obote

Inwhile attending a conference of prime ministers in Singapore, Obote was overthrown by General Idi Amin and sought refuge in Tanzania. Many Ugandans supported this coup at first, but Amin's brutal tactics soon made him a hated tyrant. His rule turned out to be even more brutal than Amin's, and again, he was thrown out by the army and spent the rest of his life in exile.

Milton Apollo Obote was born the third of nine children to a minor chief of the northern Langi tribe. He developed his canny political skills in neighbouring Kenya before returning home to found the Uganda National Congress party. In the run-up to independence, he outmanoeuvred the parties of the dominant Baganda tribe and forged an alliance with the monarchist wing under the Kabaka King "Freddy".

But four years later he had driven the King into exile and installed himself as executive president. Hundreds of Baganda died trying to defend their leader. Now in full power, Obote established a one-party state in line with other African leaders. His brand of socialism was intended to strengthen the hand of central government.

By threatening to nationalise companies, he lost the support of Britain where he had become depicted as something of an ogre. Obote formed a one-party state as had Julius Nyerere of Tanzania Under his one-man rule, Uganda enjoyed relative stability and some economic prosperity.