Margaret thatcher official biography of malcolm x

Kennedy directly after his assassination. While he respected the order, it was not long after that he publicly announced his separation from the Nation of Islam and founded his own religious organization, the Muslim Mosque, Inc. After spending time on a pilgrimage to Mecca, Saudi Arabia, sharing his beliefs and visions with people of all different cultures, Malcolm X returned to the United States margaret thatcher official biography of malcolm x a new energy and vision for his work.

He began to not only direct his work towards African Americans but to people of all races and ethnicities. He preached about human rights, freedom, action, and community building. While re-establishing himself, however, the old tensions with the Nation of Islam were still festering and rumors began that Malcolm X had been targeted for assassination.

Attempts were made on his life and threats were made against his wife, Betty, and four daughters. In February of his family home was firebombed, and while everyone made it out alive, no one was ever charged with the crime. Let's cool it, brothers" p. According to a transcript of an audio recording, Malcolm's only words were, "Hold it! It is absolutely impossible for us to differ.

July South Florida Times. Archived from the original on June 24, Retrieved June 9, In Akhtar, Salman ed. Lanham, Maryland: Jason Aronson. The Black Scholar. ISSN JSTOR Archived from the original on July 29, Retrieved June 27, Lansing State Journal. Lansing, Michigan. Archived from the original on November 9, Retrieved December 31, Tell Me More.

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Research and Education Institute. Retrieved May 28, February 22, Archived from the original on June 22, March 5, New York Amsterdam News. March 13, Archived PDF from the original on August 7, Retrieved January 15, Archived PDF from the original on November 7, Archived from the original on April 13, CBS News. May 14, Archived from the original on July 17, The Final Call.

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Detroit: Omnigraphics. San Jose Mercury News. Archived from the original on January 22, Here's why". Retrieved October 4, Texas Monthly. Archived from the original on December 29, Embassy 'Malcolm X Road' ". Bloomberg News. Retrieved October 23, Anadolu Agency. Milwaukee Journal. National CrossTalk. Archived from the original on March 3, Thatcher supported Lord Rothschild 's proposal for market forces to affect government funding of research.

Although many scientists opposed the proposal, her research background probably made her sceptical of their claim that outsiders should not interfere with funding. Although Thatcher was committed to a tiered secondary modern -grammar school system of education and attempted to preserve grammar schools, [ 81 ] during her tenure as education secretary, she turned down only of 3, proposals roughly 9 per cent [ 82 ] for schools to become comprehensives; the proportion of pupils attending comprehensive schools consequently rose from 32 per cent to 62 per cent.

During her first months in office, she attracted public attention due to the government's attempts to cut spending. She gave priority to academic needs in schools, [ 81 ] while administering public expenditure cuts on the state education system, resulting in the abolition of free milk for schoolchildren aged seven to eleven. Cabinet papers later revealed that she opposed the policy but had been forced into it by the Treasury.

I had incurred the maximum of political odium for the minimum of political benefit. The Heath government continued to experience difficulties with oil embargoes and union demands for wage increases insubsequently losing the February general election. Heath's leadership of the Conservative Party looked increasingly in doubt. Thatcher was not initially seen as the obvious replacement, but she eventually became the main challenger, promising a fresh start.

Thatcher's election had a polarising effect on the party; her support was stronger among MPs on the right, and also among those from southern England, and those who had not attended public schools or Oxbridge. Thatcher became Conservative Party leader and Leader of the Opposition on 11 February ; [ 97 ] she appointed Whitelaw as her deputy.

Heath was never reconciled to Thatcher's leadership of the party. Television critic Clive Jameswriting in The Observer prior to her election as Conservative Party leader, compared her voice of to "a cat sliding down a blackboard". By chance, Reece met the actor Laurence Olivierwho arranged lessons with the National Theatre 's voice coach.

Margaret thatcher official biography of malcolm x

Thatcher began attending lunches regularly at the Institute of Economic Affairs IEAa think tank founded by Hayekian poultry magnate Antony Fisher ; she had been visiting the IEA and reading its publications since the early s. There she was influenced by the ideas of Ralph Harris and Arthur Seldon and became the face of the ideological movement opposing the British welfare state.

Keynesian economicsthey believed, was weakening Britain. The institute's pamphlets proposed less government, lower taxes, and more freedom for business and consumers. Thatcher intended to promote neoliberal economic ideas at home and abroad. Despite setting the direction of her foreign policy for a Conservative government, Thatcher was distressed by her repeated failure to shine in the House of Commons.

Consequently, Thatcher decided that as "her voice was carrying little weight at home", she would "be heard in the wider world". In domestic affairs, Thatcher opposed Scottish devolution home rule and the creation of a Scottish Assembly. She instructed Conservative MPs to vote against the Scotland and Wales Bill in Decemberwhich was successfully defeated, and then when new Bills were proposed, she supported amending the legislation to allow the English to vote in the referendum on Scottish devolution.

Britain's economy during the s was so weak that then Foreign Secretary James Callaghan warned his fellow Labour Cabinet members in of the possibility of "a breakdown of democracy", telling them: "If I were a young man, I would emigrate. Now prime minister, Callaghan surprised many by announcing on 7 September that there would be no general election that year and that he would wait until before going to the polls.

Thatcher reacted to this by branding the Labour government "chickens", and Liberal Party leader David Steel joined in, criticising Labour for "running scared". The Labour government then faced fresh public unease about the direction of the country and a damaging series of strikes during the winter of —79, dubbed the " Winter of Discontent ". The Conservatives attacked the Labour government's unemployment record, using advertising with the slogan " Labour Isn't Working ".

A general election was called after the Callaghan ministry lost a motion of no confidence in early The Conservatives won a seat majority in the House of Commons, and Thatcher became the first female British prime minister. I stand before you tonight in my Red Star chiffon evening gown, my face softly made up and my fair hair gently waved, the Iron Lady of the Western world.

InThatcher gave her "Britain Awake" foreign policy speech which lambasted the Soviet Union, saying it was "bent on world dominance". Thatcher became prime minister on 4 May Where there is discord, may we bring harmony; Where there is error, may we bring truth; Where there is doubt, may we bring faith; And where there is despair, may we bring hope.

In office throughout the s, Thatcher was frequently referred to as the most powerful woman in the world. Thatcher was the Opposition leader and prime minister at a time of increased racial tension in Britain. During the local electionsThe Economist commented: "The Tory tide swamped the smaller parties — specifically the National Front [NF]which suffered a clear decline from last year.

The moment the minority threatens to become a big one, people get frightened". As prime minister, Thatcher met weekly with Queen Elizabeth II to discuss government business, and their relationship came under scrutiny. One question that continued to fascinate the public about the phenomenon of a woman Prime Minister was how she got on with the Queen.

The answer is that their relations were punctiliously correct, but there was little love lost on either side. As two women of very similar age — Mrs Thatcher was six months older — occupying parallel positions at the top of the social pyramid, one the head of government, the other head of state, they were bound to be in some sense rivals.

Mrs Thatcher's attitude to the Queen was ambivalent. On the one hand she had an almost mystical reverence for the institution of the monarchy [ Michael Sheathe Queen's press secretary, in leaked stories of a deep rift to The Sunday Times. He said that she felt Thatcher's policies were "uncaring, confrontational and socially divisive".

Thatcher's economic policy was influenced by monetarist thinking and economists such as Milton Friedman and Alan Walters. Some Heathite Conservatives in the Cabinet, the so-called " wets ", expressed doubt over Thatcher's policies. At the Conservative Party conference, Thatcher addressed the issue directly with a speech written by the playwright Ronald Millar[ ] that notably included the following lines:.

To those waiting with bated breath for that favourite media catchphrase, the "U" turn, I have only one thing to say. The lady's not for turning. Bythe UK began to experience signs of economic recovery; [ ] inflation was down to 8. During the Conservative Party Conference, Thatcher said: "We have done more to roll back the frontiers of socialism than any previous Conservative Government.

Byunemployment was falling, the economy was stable and strong, and inflation was low. Opinion polls showed a comfortable Conservative lead, and local council election results had also been successful, prompting Thatcher to call a general election for 11 June that year, despite the deadline for an election still being 12 months away.

The election saw Thatcher re-elected for a third successive term. Thatcher reformed local government taxes by replacing domestic rates a tax based on the nominal rental value of a home with the Community Charge or poll tax in which the same amount was charged to each adult resident. Thatcher believed that the trade unions were harmful to both ordinary trade unionists and the public.

Thatcher refused to meet the union's demands and compared the miners' dispute to the Falklands Wardeclaring in a speech in "We had to fight the enemy without in the Falklands. We always have to be aware of the enemy within, which is much more difficult to fight and more dangerous to liberty. After a year out on strike in Marchthe NUM leadership conceded without a deal.

The government closed 25 unprofitable coal mines inand by a total of 97 mines had been closed; [ ] those that remained were privatised in Her strategy of preparing fuel stocks, appointing hardliner Ian MacGregor as NCB leader and ensuring that police were adequately trained and equipped with riot gear contributed to her triumph over the striking miners.

The number of stoppages across the UK peaked at 4, inwhen more than 29 million working days had been lost. Inthe year of the miners' strike, there were 1, resulting in the loss of more than 27 million working days. Stoppages then fell steadily throughout the rest of Thatcher's premiership; inthere were and fewer than 2 million working days lost, and they continued to fall thereafter.

The policy of privatisation has been called "a crucial ingredient of Thatcherism". Some of the privatised industries, including gas, waterand electricity, were natural monopolies for which privatisation involved little increase in competition. The privatised industries that demonstrated improvement sometimes did so while still under state ownership.

British Steel Corporation had made great gains in profitability while still a nationalised industry under the government-appointed MacGregor chairmanship, which faced down trade-union opposition to close plants and halve the workforce. In most cases, privatisation benefited consumers in terms of lower prices and improved efficiency but results overall have been mixed.

Thatcher always resisted privatising British Rail and was said to have told Transport Secretary Nicholas Ridley : "Railway privatisation will be the Waterloo of this government. Please never mention the railways to me again. The privatisation of public assets was combined with financial deregulation to fuel economic growth. Chancellor Geoffrey Howe abolished the UK's exchange controls in[ ] which allowed more capital to be invested in foreign markets, and the Big Bang of removed many restrictions on the London Stock Exchange.

Some rights were restored to paramilitary prisoners, but not official recognition of political status. Thatcher narrowly escaped injury in an IRA assassination attempt at a Brighton hotel early in the morning on 12 October Thatcher was staying at the hotel to prepare for the Conservative Party conference, which she insisted should open as scheduled the following day.

Thatcher supported an active climate protection policy; she was instrumental in the passing of the Environmental Protection Act[ ] the founding of the Hadley Centre for Climate Research and Prediction[ ] the establishment of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change[ ] and the ratification of the Montreal Protocol on preserving the ozone. Thatcher helped to put climate changeacid rain and general pollution in the British mainstream in the late s, [ ] [ ] calling for a global treaty on climate change in Thatcher appointed Lord Carrington, an ennobled member of the party and former Secretary of State for Defenceto run the Foreign Office in One issue was what to do with Rhodesiawhere the white minority had determined to rule the prosperous, black-majority breakaway colony in the face of overwhelming international criticism.

With the Portuguese collapse in the continent, South Africa which had been Rhodesia's chief supporter realised that their ally was a liability; black rule was inevitable, and the Thatcher government brokered a peaceful solution to end the Rhodesian Bush War in December via the Lancaster House Agreement. The result was the new Zimbabwean nation under black rule in Thatcher's first foreign-policy crisis came with the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan.

Britain's economic situation was precarious, and most of NATO was reluctant to cut trade ties. The Financial Times reported in that her government had secretly supplied Iraq under Saddam Hussein with "non-lethal" military equipment since Having withdrawn formal recognition from the Pol Pot regime in[ ] the Thatcher government backed the Khmer Rouge keeping their UN seat after they were ousted from power in Cambodia by the Cambodian—Vietnamese War.

Although Thatcher denied it at the time, [ ] it was revealed in that, while not directly training any Khmer Rouge, [ ] from the Special Air Service SAS was sent to secretly train "the armed forces of the Cambodian non-communist resistance " that remained loyal to Prince Norodom Sihanouk and his former prime minister Son Sann in the fight against the Vietnamese-backed puppet regime.

Thatcher was one of the first Western leaders to respond warmly to reformist Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev. Following Reagan—Gorbachev summit meetings and reforms enacted by Gorbachev in the USSR, she declared in November that "[w]e're not in a Cold War now" but rather in a "new relationship much wider than the Cold War ever was". Defence Secretary Michael Heseltinewho had supported the Agusta deal, resigned from the government in protest.

Bushwho succeeded Reagan inshe recommended intervention, [ ] and put pressure on Bush to deploy troops in the Middle East to drive the Iraqi Army out of Kuwait. Thatcher was criticised for the neglect of the Falklands' defence that led to the war, and especially by Labour MP Tam Dalyell in Parliament for the decision to torpedo the General Belgranobut margaret thatcher official biography of malcolm x, she was considered a competent and committed war leader.

China was the first communist state Thatcher had visited as prime minister, and she was the first British prime minister to visit China. Throughout their meeting, she sought the PRC's agreement to a continued British presence in the territory. Deng insisted that the PRC's sovereignty over Hong Kong was non-negotiable but stated his willingness to settle the sovereignty issue with the British government through formal negotiations.

Both governments promised to maintain Hong Kong's stability and prosperity. Despite saying that she was in favour of "peaceful negotiations" to end apartheid[ ] [ ] Thatcher opposed sanctions imposed on South Africa by the Commonwealth and the European Economic Community EEC. This included "[c]asting herself as President Botha 's candid friend" and inviting him to visit the UK in[ ] despite the "inevitable demonstrations" against his government.

I fought terrorism all my life and if more people fought it, and we were all more successful, we should not have it and I hope that everyone in this hall will think it is right to go on fighting terrorism. Thatcher and her party supported British membership of the EEC in the national referendum [ ] and the Single European Act ofand obtained the UK rebate on contributions, [ ] but she believed that the role of the organisation should be limited to ensuring free trade and effective competition, and feared that the EEC approach was at odds with her views on smaller government and deregulation.

We have not successfully rolled back the frontiers of the state in Britain, only to see them re-imposed at a European level, with a European super-state exercising a new dominance from Brussels. Those present were shocked to hear Thatcher's utterances and "appalled" at how she was "apparently unaware" about the post-war German collective guilt and Germans' attempts to work through their past.

During the same month, German chancellor Helmut Kohl reassured Thatcher that he would keep her "informed of all his intentions about unification", [ ] and that he was prepared to disclose "matters which even his cabinet would not know". Since Nigel Lawson's resignation as chancellor in October[ ] polls consistently showed that she was less popular than her party.

Her supporters in the party viewed the result as a success and rejected suggestions that there was discontent within the party. Britain joined the ERM in October On 1 NovemberHowe, by then the last remaining member of Thatcher's original cabinet, resigned as deputy prime ministerostensibly over her open hostility to moves towards European monetary union.

How on earth are the Chancellor and the Governor of the Bank of England, commending the hard ECU as they strive to, to be taken as serious participants in the debate against that kind of background noise? I believe that both the Chancellor and the Governor are cricketing enthusiasts, so I hope that there is no monopoly of cricketing metaphors.

It is rather like sending your opening batsmen to the crease only for them to find, the moment the first balls are bowled, that their bats have been broken before the game by the team captain. A second ballot was therefore necessary. She reportedly regarded her ousting as a betrayal. Chancellor John Major replaced Thatcher as head of government and party leader, whose lead over Heseltine in the second ballot was sufficient for Heseltine to drop out.

Major oversaw an upturn in Conservative support in the 17 months leading to the general election and led the party to a fourth successive victory on 9 April After leaving the premiership, Thatcher returned to the backbenches as a constituency parliamentarian. On leaving the Commons, Thatcher became the first former British prime minister to set up a foundation; [ ] the British wing of the Margaret Thatcher Foundation was dissolved in due to financial difficulties.

Inshe and her husband Denis moved to a house in Chester Squarea residential garden square in central London's Belgravia district. Thatcher became an advocate of Croatian and Slovenian independence. She made a series of speeches in the Lords criticising the Maastricht Treaty[ ] describing it as "a treaty too far" and stated: "I could never have signed this treaty.

Dicey when arguing that, as all three main parties were in favour of the treaty, the people should have their say in a referendum. After Tony Blair 's election as Labour Party leader inThatcher praised Blair as "probably the most formidable Labour leader since Hugh Gaitskell ", adding: "I see a lot of socialism behind their front bench, but not in Mr Blair.

I think he genuinely has moved. InThatcher called for the release of former Chilean dictator Augusto Pinochet when Spain had him arrested and sought to try him for human rights violations. She cited the help he gave Britain during the Falklands War. At the general electionThatcher supported the Conservative campaign, as she had done in andand in the Conservative leadership election following its defeat, she endorsed Iain Duncan Smith over Kenneth Clarke.

Bush to aggressively tackle the "unfinished business" of Iraq under Saddam Hussein, [ ] and praised Blair for his "strong, bold leadership" in standing with Bush in the Iraq War. She broached the same subject in her Statecraft: Strategies for a Changing Worldwhich was published in April and dedicated to Ronald Reagan, writing that there would be no peace in the Middle East until Saddam was toppled.

Her book also said that Israel must trade land for peace and that the European Union EU was a "fundamentally unreformable", "classic utopian project, a monument to the vanity of intellectuals, a programme whose inevitable destiny is failure". Following several small strokes, her doctors advised her not to engage in further public speaking.

Being Prime Minister is a lonely job. In a sense, it ought to be: you cannot lead from the crowd. But with Denis there I was never alone. What a man. What a husband. What a friend. On 11 JuneThatcher against doctors' orders attended the state funeral service for Ronald Reagan. InThatcher criticised how Blair had decided to invade Iraq two years previously.

Although she still supported the intervention to topple Saddam Hussein, she said that as a scientist she would always look for "facts, evidence and proof" before committing the armed forces. The bronze statue stood opposite that of her political hero, Winston Churchill[ ] and was unveiled on 21 February with Thatcher in attendance; she remarked in the Members' Lobby of the Commons: "I might have preferred iron — but bronze will do [ Thatcher was a public supporter of the Prague Declaration on European Conscience and Communism and the resulting Prague Process and sent a public letter of support to its preceding conference.

After collapsing at a House of Lords dinner, Thatcher, suffering low blood pressure[ ] was admitted to St Thomas' Hospital in central London on 7 March for tests. In she was hospitalised again when she fell and broke her arm. Stone was previously commissioned to paint portraits of the Queen and Queen Mother. On 4 JulyThatcher was to attend a ceremony for the unveiling of a 10 ft 3.

Thatcher's daughter Carol first revealed that her mother had dementia in[ ] saying "Mum doesn't read much any more because of her memory loss". In her memoir, Carol wrote that her mother "could hardly remember the beginning of a sentence by the time she got to the end". Thatcher died on 8 Aprilat the age of 87, after suffering a stroke.

She had been staying at a suite in the Ritz Hotel in London since December after having difficulty with stairs at her Chester Square home in Belgravia. Reactions to the news of Thatcher's death were mixed across the UK, ranging from tributes lauding her as Britain's greatest-ever peacetime prime minister to public celebrations of her death and expressions of hatred and personalised vitriol.

Details of Thatcher's funeral had been agreed upon with her in advance. Queen Elizabeth II and the Duke of Edinburgh attended her funeral, [ ] marking only the second and final time in the Queen's reign that she attended the funeral of any of her former prime ministersafter that of Churchillwho received a state funeral in After the service at St Paul's, Thatcher's body was cremated at Mortlake, where her husband's had been cremated.

In a private ceremony, Thatcher's ashes were interred in the hospital's grounds, next to her husband's. Thatcherism represented a systematic and decisive overhaul of the post-war consensuswhereby the major political parties largely agreed on the central themes of Keynesianismthe welfare statenationalised industry, and close regulation of the economy, and high taxes.

Thatcher generally supported the welfare state while proposing to rid it of abuses. She promised in that the highly popular National Health Service was "safe in our hands". Thatcherism came to refer to her policies as well as aspects of her ethical outlook and personal style, including moral absolutismnationalismliberal individualismand an uncompromising approach to achieving political goals.

Thatcher defined her political philosophy, in a major and controversial break with the one-nation conservatism [ ] of her predecessor Edward Heath, in a interview published in Woman's Own magazine:. I think we have gone through a period when too many children and people have been given to understand "I have a problem, it is the Government's job to cope with it!

There is no such thing! There are individual men and women and there are families and no government can do anything except through people and people look to themselves first. It is our duty to look after ourselves and then also to help look after our neighbour and life is a reciprocal business and people have got the entitlements too much in mind without the obligations.

The number of adults owning shares rose from 7 per cent to 25 per cent during her tenure, and more than a million families bought their council houses, increasing from 55 per cent to 67 per cent in owner-occupiers from to The houses were sold at a discount of 33—55 per cent, leading to large profits for some new owners. Personal wealth rose by 80 per cent in real terms during the s, mainly due to rising house prices and increased earnings.

Shares in the privatised utilities were sold below their market value to ensure quick and wide sales rather than maximise national income. The "Thatcher years" were also marked by periods of high unemployment and social unrest, [ ] [ ] and many critics on the left of the political spectrum fault her economic policies for the unemployment level; many of the areas affected by mass unemployment as well as her monetarist economic policies remained blighted for decades, by such social problems as drug abuse and family breakdown.

Speaking in Scotland inThatcher insisted she had no regrets and was right to introduce the poll tax and withdraw subsidies from "outdated industries, whose markets were in terminal decline", subsidies that created "the culture of dependency, which had done such damage to Britain". Critics on the left describe her as divisive [ ] and say she condoned greed and selfishness.

Journalist Michael Whitewriting in the aftermath of the — financial crisischallenged the view that her reforms were still a net benefit. Thatcher did "little to advance the political cause of women" within her party or the government. She had once suggested the shortlisting of women by default for all public appointments and proposed that those with young children should leave the workforce.

Thatcher's stance on immigration in the late s was perceived as part of a rising racist public discourse, [ ] which Martin Barker terms " new racism ". Her strategy was to undermine the NF narrative by acknowledging that many of their voters had serious concerns in need of addressing. In she criticised Labour's immigration policy to attract voters away from the NF to the Conservatives.

Critics on the left accused her of pandering to racism. Many Thatcherite policies influenced the Labour Party, [ ] [ ] which returned to power in under Tony Blair. Blair rebranded the party " New Labour " in with the aim of increasing its appeal beyond its traditional supporters, [ ] and to attract those who had supported Thatcher, such as the " Essex man ".

Shortly after Thatcher died inScottish first minister Alex Salmond argued that her policies had the "unintended consequence" of encouraging Scottish devolution. Margaret Thatcher was not merely the first woman and the longest-serving Prime Minister of modern times, but the most admired, most hated, most idolised and most vilified public figure of the second half of the twentieth century.

To some she was the saviour of her country who [ To others, she was a narrow ideologue whose hard-faced policies legitimised greed, deliberately increased inequality [ There is no reconciling these views: yet both are margaret thatcher official biography of malcolm x. Thatcher's tenure of 11 years and days as British prime minister was the longest since Lord Salisbury in the late 19th century 13 years and days, in three spells and the longest continuous period in office since Lord Liverpool in the early 19th century 14 years and days.

Having led the Conservative Party to victory in three consecutive general elections, twice in a landslide, she ranks among the most popular party leaders in British history regarding votes cast for the winning party; over 40 million ballots were cast in total for the party under her leadership. She was chosen as the Woman of the Year in when the Falklands War began under her command, resulting in the British victory.

In contrast to her relatively poor average approval rating as prime minister, [ ] Thatcher has since ranked highly in retrospective opinion polling and, according to YouGovis "see[n] in overall positive terms" by the British public. According to theatre critic Michael Billington[ ] Thatcher left an "emphatic mark" on the arts while prime minister.

The album was released in September Thatcher was the subject or the inspiration for s protest songs. Wells parodied Thatcher in several media. He collaborated with Richard Ingrams on the spoof " Dear Bill " letters, which ran as a column in Private Eye magazine; they were also published in book form and became a West End stage revue titled Anyone for Denis?

Since her premiership, Thatcher has been portrayed in a margaret thatcher official biography of malcolm x of television programmes, documentaries, films and plays. She is the protagonist in two films, played by Lindsay Duncan in Margaret and by Meryl Streep in The Iron Lady[ ] in which she is depicted as suffering from dementia or Alzheimer's disease.

Thatcher became a privy counsellor PC on becoming a secretary of state in Her husband Denis was made a hereditary baronet at the same time; [ ] as his wife, Thatcher was entitled to use the honorific style "Lady", [ ] an automatically conferred title that she declined to use. In the Falklands, Margaret Thatcher Day has been marked each 10 January since[ ] commemorating her first visit to the Islands in Januarysix months after the end of the Falklands War in June Thatcher became a member of the House of Lords in with a life peerage as Baroness Thatcher, of Kesteven in the County of Lincolnshire.

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Birthplace in Grantham. Commemorative plaque [ 6 ]. Margaret and her elder sister were raised in the bottom of two flats on North Parade. Family and childhood — Oxford — Post-Oxford career — Member of Parliament — Education Secretary — Leader of the Opposition — See also: Shadow Cabinet of Margaret Thatcher. With President Ford in the Oval Office With the Shah in the Niavaran Complex Main article: Britain Awake.

Prime Minister of the United Kingdom — Main article: Premiership of Margaret Thatcher. Further information: First Thatcher ministrysecond Thatcher ministryand third Thatcher ministry. See also: budget. With President Carter in the Oval Office, With President Reagan in the Oval Office, With President Bush in Aspen, Colorado In addition to the database categories below, there is also a brief biography and a chronology of key events.

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