Moustafa gadalla biography sample

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Stress Free Readi The History Book Black Coffee: What are you currently reading Copt is derived from the Greek rendering for an Egyptian. The Arabs, after CE, used that general term to label the non-Moslems. As a result, the term Copt took on a different meaning by the 7th century. This situation is explained herein. His actions initiated a Ptolemaic Dynasty.

Their new settlement, along the Mediterranean coast, was predominantly Greek, which was officially described as being ad Aegyptum, not in Aegypto, i. In Alexandria, Greeks formed the bulk of the population, followed in number by the Jews. Greek became the mother tongue of the Jews in Egypt. Many Jews had been imported as soldiers, even before the arrival of the Ptolemies.

For moustafa gadalla biography sample, the Persians had established a Jewish garrison, as far south as the island of Philae, which had left behind some records in Aramaic. When Palestine fell under the control of Ptolemy I in BCE, he brought back Jewish mercenaries, who joined the already-established communities in Egypt. Unable to speak their native tongue, Jews, living in Alexandria, soon felt a need to translate their sacred books into Greek.

The High Priest of Jerusalem sent 72 elders to Alexandria, six representatives from each of the twelve tribes of Israel, together with an official copy of the Pentateuch. They worked for 72 days to produce the final copy of the Pentateuch in Greek. Later, the other books of the Old Testament were also translated into Greek by others, and the whole work became known as the Septuagint, which means The Seventy.

Since the Greek text is older than the Hebrew text, it was therefore adopted as the Bible of the early Church. Ptolemy compensated his mercenary troops Syrians, Greeks, Macedonians, Persians and Hellenized Asiatics by giving them tracts of land among the Egyptian population in towns near the capitals of the provinces, into which Egypt was divided.

These pockets of foreign settlements are exactly where the Christian population is concentrated in present-day Egypt. When the Romans arrived in Alexandria, they gave preferred treatment to the Jews. Augustus granted self-government to the Hellenized Jews of Alexandria. This caused great consternation among the Greeks, who had lived there for a longer period of time.

The Romans reinforced foreign settlement, by bringing in more foreigners. The Jewish colony in Alexandria is said to have had a population of 1 million in the 1st century CE. Christianity arrived early in Alexandria, from Judaea and Syria. After all, Christianity is basically a Judean offshoot. The Romans encouraged and facilitated more immigration from Syria to Egypt.

A short time later, the Roman Empire split.

Moustafa gadalla biography sample

The decree that there be only one religious system Christianityand that anything else is untrue, is dictatorial. It allowed Christian fanatics to destroy the native Egyptian religious rights, properties, and temples. When Theophilus was made Patriarch of Alexandria in CE, he displayed tremendous zeal in destroying ancient Egyptian temples. A wave of destruction swept over the land of Egypt.

Tombs were ravaged, walls of ancient monuments scraped, and statues toppled. In Alexandria, the famous statue of Serapis was burned and the Serapeum destroyed, along with its library. When Theophilus attempted to convert a temple of Dionysus in Alexandria into a church, rioting between non-Christians and Christians ensued, the former occupying the great Serapeum.

The subsequent destruction of the temple was shamelessly advertised by Christians as symbolic of a great victory. It was a folly of fanaticism in the name of orthodoxy. February Learn how and when to remove this message. Works [ edit ]. External links [ edit ]. Authority control databases. Hidden categories: Articles with short description Short description matches Wikidata Orphaned articles from February All orphaned articles Articles lacking in-text citations from February All articles lacking in-text citations Articles with hCards All stub articles.

Toggle the table of contents. Moustafa Gadalla. Follow podcast failed. Unfollow podcast failed. See all titles by Moustafa Gadalla. Listeners also enjoy. Manly P. Ascending Vibrations. Sir E. Wallis Budge. John G. Robert Greene. Lisa Lister. Dion Fortune. James M. Are you an author?